Radiology (CT, MRI)

• Magnetic - resonance imaging ( MRI )
• X-ray computer tomography (RC Т )

Modern x-ray computer tomographs allow conducting not only step but also spiral scanning that seeds up investigation time and decreases radiation exposure to 40% at that keeping maximal resolution capability. It is very important for examination of thoracic and abdominal space organs, the patients with megalgia, limited range of motion, cardiac and respiratory insufficiency, and also at examination of children and in cases of claustrophobia. RCT is especially justified in emergency situations when severity of patient status restricts contact with him and if appropriate of permanent monitoring of cardio activity, realization of artificial pulmonary ventilation and other reanimation activity.

Computer tomography with contrast intensifying assumes intravenous injection into patient body of contrast agent with the aim of visualization improvement of pathology hotbed. At present time such modern non-ionic contrast agents like Ultrawist, Omnipak and Vizipak are often used all over the world. In spite of the fact that allergic reaction fro these agents occurs very rare, in order to avoid such situations it is necessary to consult with doctor before examination.

Examination of big vessels, of aorta and its branches (carotids, hepatic, nephritic, ileac arteries), pulmonary artery, superior and inferior vena cava via spiral computer tomography (CT-angiography) is recent development in the sphere of computer tomography. Examination is held on fast bolus dosing of contrast agent into ulnar vena usually in volume of 100 ml. Computer angiography on its information content is approached to simple angiography and in distinction from simple antiography is performed without complex surgery operation in relation to entering of intravascular catheter to the examined organ. The advantage of CT-angiography is that it allows examining in ambulant conditions during 40-50 minutes, excluding completely the complications risk as a result of surgery operation, decreases radiation exposure of the patient and reduces examination cost.

The doctor – diagnostician decides in what situation the application of RCT and MRI is indicated for the patient, because there are a lot of conditions when it is appropriate to use one means or another. For example RCT is more informative for visualization of bones and plugs diseases, in diagnosis of traumatic brain injury, especially with acute blood-stroke, visualization of different pathologies of thoracic and abdominal cavity organs, big vessels. The most obvious images are three-dimensional one, obtained on data processing of spiral RCT in special workstations, and vessels images, respiratory and digestive tracts via navigation program (virtual endoscopy). From the other hand MRI is one of the most effective means of diagnosis of focal diseases of brain and axis ( oncomas, apoplectic attacks, multiocular sclerosis, diskal hernia), changes of joints, muscles and ligaments. MRI is also is indicated for visualization of liver, pancreas, nephros, adrenal bodies, small pelvis organs diseases (alvus, ootheca, prostate), heart and thyroid body. In recent time MRI is used for tactical problems decision, connected with congenital anomaly of fetus and for amendment of pelvis size of women before tocus. Besides via MRI it is possible to visualize the vessels without injection of contrast agent, and to make “MRI-film”, i.e. to visualize the organs in motion (heart, joints, blood stream in vessels), that allows determination of diseases in early stage.

The tomographs, additional working stations and archivation system of ICDC meet the most up-date requirements of clinicians, provide for maximal information content and let choose optimal treatment methods.

CT with a contrast enchancement means intravenous injection of contrast substance in patient"s body for a better visualization of abnormal locus. Now in all countries such modern non-ionic contrast substances are used as Ultravist, Omnipack and Visipack. Though allergic reactions to these preparations are quite rare, to prevent them one should consult doctor prior to such examination.

Examination of big vessels such as aorta and its branches (carotid, liver, renal, iliac arteries), pulmonary artery, superior and lower cava with use of spiral CT (C Т-angiography) is a latest achievement in computer tomography. Examination is held with fast bolus dosing of contrast substance to ulnar vein usually up to 100 ml. computer angiography unlike common angiography is done without complicated surgical manipulations, related with conduction of inter-vessel catheter to an organ being examined. The advantage of C Т-angiography is that it allows to conduct examination in the outpatient setting within 40-50 minutes, secures all guarantees against complications of surgical manipulations, reduces radiation exposure and decreases examination cost.

Diagnostician doctor will decide which of RCT or MRI is preferable in a certain situation, since there are lots of circumstances when either one, or another method shall be applied. For example, RC Т is most informative for visualization of diseases of bones, lungs, brain injury diagnostics, especially one with acute hemorrhage, visualization of various pathologies of thoracic and abdomen organs, big vessels. Most vivid are 3-D images received at data processing of spiral RCT on special working stations, as well as images of vessels, respiratory and digestive tracts by means of navigation program (virtual endoscopy). On the other hand, МRI – is one of the most effective ways of diagnostics of brain and spine focal diseases (tumors, insult, multiocular sclerosis, diskal hernia), deviations in joints, muscles and bands. MRI is also justified for diseases visualization of liver, nephros, atrabiliary capsules, small pelvis organs (womb, ovary, prostate), heart and thyroid. In recent time MRI is successfully used in problems of finding out congenital abnormalities of fetus, and to specify size of women’s pelvis prior to act of delivery. Besides, by means of MRI it is possible to visualize vessels without contrast substance injection, and to do "cinema- МRI", i.e. visualize organs in motion (heart, joints, blood flow), which is essential in order to detect diseases at early stages.

The tomographs, additional working stations and archivation system of ICDC meet the most up-date requirements of clinicians, provide for maximal information content and let choose optimal treatment methods.

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